1st Regiment, Maryland Infantry (Union)

HISTORICAL NOTES:
The 1st Maryland was organized at Baltimore, Maryland and 4 companies (A, B, C and D) were mustered into Union service on May 16, 1861. The regiment moved to Relay House on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad where additional companies (E, F, G, H, I and K) were mustered between May 25 and May 27.

The regiment's first commanding officer was Colonel John Reese Kenly, a Baltimore attorney who had served in Mexican–American War as a major of volunteers. When Kenly was promoted to Brigadier Genreral in August 1862, the new regimental commander was Colonel David Leroy Stanton.

In March 1862 the 1st Maryland was assigned to Maj. Gen. Nathaniel Banks forces operating in the Shenandoah Valley. The regiment was stationed at Front Royal on May 23, 1862, when it was attacked by Maj. Gen. Stonewall Jackson's Army of the Valley. Surprised and outnumbered, the 1st Maryland put up a stubborn rearguard action during which Col. Kenly was wounded. Union casualties were 83 killed and wounded, and 691 captured. The prisoners were paroled in September 1862.

The battle is notable in that the Union 1st Maryland had been attacked by their fellow Marylanders, the Confederate 1st Maryland Infantry, CSA. This is the only time in United States military history that two regiments of the same numerical designation and from the same state have engaged each other in battle. After hours of desperate fighting the Southerners emerged victorious. When the prisoners were taken, many men recognized former friends and family. According to J. J. Goldsborough, who would go on to write the history the Maryland Line in the Confederate Army: "nearly all recognized old friends and acquaintances, whom they greeted cordially, and divided with them the rations which had just changed hands."

At Antietam, they were part of the Union forces that repelled Confederate General Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia, marking a significant turning point in the war.

The regiment also saw action in other engagements, including the Battle of Fredericksburg in December 1862 and the Battle of Chancellorsville in May 1863. They continued to serve in various campaigns and skirmishes until the end of the war. The regiment was mustered out of service on July 1, 1864.

The Regiment lost during service 8 Officers and 110 Enlisted men killed and mortally wounded and 1 Officer and 148 Enlisted men by disease. Total 267. ASSIGNMENTS:
Company "A" May 10; Companies "B," "C," May 11; Company "D," May 16, 1861. Moved to Relay House, Md. May 24, 1861. Company "E" mustered in May 25, and Companies "F," "G," "H," "I" and "K" mustered in at Relay House May 27, 1861. Camp at Relay House, on Baltimore & Ohio Railroad till June 6. Moved to Camp Carroll, near Baltimore, June 6; thence to Frederick City, Md., June 7. March to Middletown and Downsville July 7-10, and to Williamsport July 23. Duty guarding fords and ferries of Upper Potomac, from Williamsport to mouth of Antietam, till October 16. Attached to Defences Upper Potomac, Dept. of the Shenandoah, to October, 1861. Gordon's Brigade, Banks' Division, Army of the Potomac, to March, 1862. 1st Brigade, 1st Division, Banks' 5th Army Corps, to April, 1862. 1st Brigade, 1st Division, Dept. of the Shenandoah, to June, 1862. Baltimore, Md., Middle Dept., to September, 1862. Maryland Brigade, Defences Upper Potomac. Middle Dept., to March, 1863. 1st Brigade, 1st Division, 8th Army Corps, to June, 1863. Maryland Brigade, French's Division, 8th Army Corps, to July, 1863. 3rd Brigade, 3rd Division, 1st Army Corps, Army of the Potomac, to December, 1863. 2nd Brigade, 3rd Division, 1st Army Corps, to March, 1864. 3rd Brigade, 2nd Division, 5th Army Corps, to June, 1864. 2nd Brigade, 2nd Division, 5th Army Corps. to July, 1865. SERVICE:
Action at Shepherdstown, Md., September 3, 1861 (Cos. "E," "G"). March to Darnestown October 16-19. Operations at Conrad's and Edwards' Ferries October 21-26. At Darnestown till December 2. March to Frederick City December 2, thence to Wiiilamsport, Md., December 18. and guard crossing Upper Potomac till January 7, 1862. (Cos. "B," "C," "E" and "G" at Four Locks. Co. "F" at Dam No. 5; then at Four Locks. Co. "A" at Cherry Run, Co. "H" at Old Fort Frederick Cos. "I" and "K" near Fogal's Ferry.) Operations about Dams Nos. 4 and 5 December 17-20, 1861. Skirmishes at Old Fort Frederick December 25 (Co. "H"). Cherry Run December 25 (Co. "A"). Dam No. 5 December 25 (Co. "F"). Forced march to relief of Hancock, Md., January 7. 1862. Duty on Upper Potomac till February 28, 1862 (Cos. "A," "B," "C" and "G" at Millstone Point, "D" at Old Fort Frederick, "F" at Four Locks, "H" at Cherry Run, "I" at Bevan's Hill, "K" at Licking Creek Bridge, and "C" at Baer's School House. March to Williamsport February 28-March 1. Advance on Winchester March 2-12. Skirmish at Bunker Hill March 5. Near Winchester March 8 and 11. Occupation of Winchester March 12. March to Castleman's Ferry and return March 22-23. (Co. "B" detached at Winchester and in battle of March 23.) Pursuit of Jackson to Strasburg March 23-25. Reconnoissance toward Columbia Furnace April 9. Pursuit of Jackson April 17-25. Harrisonburg April 22. March to Strasburg May 1-9. Moved to Front Royal May 16. Operations in the Shenandoah Valley May 16-June 17. Action at Front Royal May 23, mostly captured. Middletown May 24 (Detachment). Winchester May 25(Detachment). Company "E" at Linden Station. Retreat to Manassas Junction May 23-28; thence moved to Baltimore, Md., and duty there till September. Prisoner's exchanged August, 1862. Regiment reorganized at Baltimore and duty there till September 18. Moved to the Antietam September 18. Defence of Williamsport September 20-21. Duty between Williamsport and Hagerstown till December 11. Moved to Maryland Heights December 11-12, and duty there till April 9, 1863. At Bolivar Heights till April 30. Moved to Grafton and Clarksburg, W. Va., to repel Rebel invansion April 30-May 1. Operations against Jones and Imboden May 1-26. Return to Maryland Heights May 26;, and duty there till June 30. Retreat to Frederick, Md., and guard bridges over the Monocacy till July 6. Recapture of Maryland Heights July 7. Joined 1st Army Corps near Boonsboro July 10. Pursuit of Lee to Warrenton, Va., July 10-24. Funkstown, Md., July 12-13. At Warrenton Junction July 25-27. Duty near Rappahannock Station August 4 to September 16. Advance to the Rapidan September 16-18. Bristoe Campaign October 9-22. Bristoe Station October 14. Haymarket October 19. Guard Orange and Alexandria R. R. October 24-November 23. Mine Run Campaign November 26-December 2. Near Culpeper till May, 1864. Demonstration on the Rapidan February 6-7. Veterans on furlough April and May. Campaign from the Rapidan to the James May 4-June 15. Battles of the Wilderness May 5-7. Laurel Hill May 8. Spottsylvania May 8-12. Spottsylvania Court House May 12-21. "Bloody Angle" May 12. Non-Veterans left front for muster out May 19, 1864. Mustered out May 28, 1864. Harris Farm, Fredericksburg Road, May 19. North Anna River May 23-26. Jericho Ford May 23. On line of the Pamunkey May 26-28. Totopotomoy May 28-31. Cold Harbor June 1-12. Bethesda Church June 1-3. Before Petersburg June 16-18. Siege of Petersburg June 16, 1864, to April 2, 1865. Jerusalem Plank Road June 22-23, 1864. Mine Explosion Explosion, Petersburg, July 30 (Reserve). Weldon Railroad August 18-21. Poplar Springs Church September 29-October 2. Yellow House October 2-5. Peeble's Farm November 7-8. Hatcher’s Run October 27-28. Warren's Raid on Weldon R. R. December 7-12. Dabney’s Mills , Hatcher's Run, February 5-7, 1865. Appomattox Campaign March 28-April 9. Lewis Farm , near Gravelly Run, March 29. White Oak Road March 31. Five Forks April 1. Fall of Petersburg April 2. Pursuit of Lee, Appomattox Court House , April 9. Surrender of Lee and his army. March to Washington, D. C., May 1-12. Grand Review May 23. Camp at Arlington Heights, Va., till July. Mustered out July 2, 1865. ROSTERS:
The roster of this regiment contains the names of 3932 men. BIBLIOGRAPHY:

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